Biological Effect of Radiation

EFFECTS OF RADIATION Background Radiation is all around us. It is naturally present in our environment and has been since the birth of this planet. Consequently, life has evolved in an environment which has significant levels of ionizing radiation. It comes from outer space (cosmic), the ground (terrestrial), and even from within our own bodies. It is present in the air we breathe, the food we eat, the water we drink, and in the construction materials used to build our homes. Certain foods such as bananas and brazil nuts naturally contain higher levels of radiation than other foods.Brick and stone homes have higher natural radiation levels than homes made of other building materials such as wood. Our nation's Capitol, which is largely constructed of granite, contains higher levels of natural radiation than most homes. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | How does radiation have an impact on health? Too much radiation, like too much of anything, is harmful. We know about this harm from research and from accidents, and from the effects of the two atomic bombs dropped on Japan in 1945.The effects can range from mild gastrointestinal problems (such as nausea and vomiting) to changes in the blood, to damage to the central nervous system. Too little radiation, likewise, is also harmful. The world's flora and fauna, including human beings, have grown up in a radioactive environment. We know from research in which organisms have been shielded from everyday radiation that their growth is stunted. We also know it from comparing populations that receive different levels of radiation because of their location.Often, the populations receiving the most radiation are healthier and suffer fewer cancers. In between these extremes, it is usual to protect workers when they work in industries that use sources of radiation. Radioactive materials decay spontaneously to produce ionising radiation, which has the capacity to cause significant damage to the body 's internal chemistry, breaking the chemical bonds between the atoms and molecules that make up our tissues. Damage to the DNA of a cell is particularly important.The body responds by trying to repair this damage, but at high doses it is too severe or widespread to make repair possible, leading to short-term acute health effects. There is also a danger of mistakes in the natural DNA repair process, which can lead in the long-term to cancer. Regions of the body that are most vulnerable to acute radiation damage include the cells lining the intestine and stomach, and the blood-cell producing cells in the bone marrow. The extent of the damage caused is dependent on how long people are exposed to radiation, and at what level.These can include smaller head or brain size, poorly formed eyes, slow growth and severe learning difficulties. . | | COMMON RADIOISOTOPES AND THEIR USES Americium-241: Used in many smoke detectors for homes and businesses to measure levels of toxic lead in dried pa int samples, to ensure uniform thickness in rolling processes like steel and paper production, and to help determine where oil wells should be drilled Cadmium-109: Used to analyze metal alloys for checking stock and sorting scrap Calcium-47: Aid to biomedical researchers studying the cell function and bone formation of mammals.Californium-252: Used to measure the mineral content of coal ash and to measure the moisture of materials stored in silos Carbon-14: Used in research to ensure that potential new drugs are metabolized without forming harmful by-products. Cesium-137: Used to treat cancers; to calibrate the equipment used to measure correct patient dosages of radioactive pharmaceuticals; to measure and control the liquid flow in oil pipelines; to tell researchers whether oil wells are plugged by sand; and to ensure the right fill level for packages of food, drugs and other products. The products in these packages do not become radioactive. ) Chromium-51: Used in research in red blood cell survival studies. Cobalt-57: Used in nuclear medicine to help physicians interpret diagnostic scans of patients' organs, and to diagnose pernicious anemia. Cobalt-60: Used to sterilize surgical instruments; to improve the safety and reliability of industrial fuel oil burners; and to preserve poultry, fruits and spices.Copper-67: When injected with monoclonal antibodies into a cancer patient, helps the antibodies bind to and destroy the tumor Curium-244: Used in mining to analyze material excavated from pits and slurries from drilling operations. Iodine-123: Widely used to diagnose thyroid disorders. Iodine-129: Used to check some radioactivity counters in vitro diagnostic testing laboratories. Iodine-131: Used to diagnose and treat thyroid disorders Iridium-192: Used to test the integrity of pipeline welds, boilers and aircraft parts.Iron-55: Used to analyze electroplating solutions. Krypton-85: Used in indicator lights in appliances like clothes washers and dryers, stere os and coffeemakers; to gauge the thickness of thin plastics, sheet metal, rubber, textiles and paper; and to measure dust and pollutant levels. Nickel-63: Used to detect explosives and as voltage regulators and current surge protectors in electronic devices Phosphorus-32: Used in molecular biology IN MEDICINERadioisotopes have found extensive use in diagnosis and therapy, and this has given rise to a rapidly growing field called nuclear medicine. These radioactive isotopes have proven particularly effective as tracers in certain diagnostic procedures. As radioisotopes are identical chemically with stable isotopes of the same element, they can take the place of the latter in physiological processes. Moreover, because of their radioactivity, they can be readily traced even in minute quantities with such detection devices as gamma-ray spectrometers and proportional counters.

How Employees Relate to One Another Sets Gore Apart Essay

1. What evidence is there that W.L. Gore and associates aspire to meet the goal of human relations? With their promise to provide a challenging, opportunity-rich, work environment with reasonable job security, Gore & Associates is able to encourages hands-on innovation and in term maximizing individual potential, while cultivating and environment that fosters creativity and also to operate with high integrity. Their system works, and they have proven this to us for more than 50 years. For a company to be in the green for every year they have had their doors open to the world, they must be doing something right. Everyone knows that a happy worker is a productive worker, and I believe that Gore & Associates get this. They strive on making their employees happy ones, and by looking at their numbers, they know exactly what it takes. 2. How does Gore and Associates depict an organization that fully appreciates the â€Å"systems effect†? In a â€Å"systems effect† all people in an organization are affected by at least one other person, and each person affects the whole group or organization. By using a system approach to business, Gore and Associates develop high-performing individuals and groups. Individuals and groups are the foundation of an organization and human relations is the foundation of supporting performance. By understanding the company as a whole, but also by what each individual does to play part to the company’s overall growth and wealth, they can really take a whole new prospective look at how even the smallest matter can change the whole outlook on the company, and how each individual plays part in the success of the business. 3. One can argue that W.L. Gore’s lattice structure encompasses some of the unexpected discoveries brought out by Elton Mayo and the Hawthorne Studies. Identify some features of the lattice structure that align with some of the  unexpected discoveries of the Hawthorne Studies. Hawthorne Studies refers to an increase in performance caused by the special attention given to employees, rather than tangible changes in the work. Gore’s lattice structure is a proven method, with no titles, no bosses, no formal hierarchy, and with compensation and promotions that are strictly decided by peer rankings of each other performance, the overall performance increased because of the special attention given to employees. A happy worker is a productive worker. Studies have shown that workers are usually, but not always, more productive then unhappy workers. W.L. Gore understood this and strives on sustaining a work environment that harbors career success. 4. How does Gore’s â€Å"sponsorship† program contribute toward meeting some of the 10 human relations guidelines outlined in the Chapter? By freedom to encourage, help and allow other associates to grow in knowledge, skill, and scope of responsibility, sponsors help associates chart a course for success in the organization. I believe that Gore & Assoc. stands out among other companies because they allow people to grow and actually work towards something better. The more effort a person puts into his career the more he can get out of it. By sponsors showing genuine interest in their colleges, and by helping others, they create win-win situations, both small and large scale to the company’s overall growth.

Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 49

Marketing - Essay Example In addition to Andrew’s competitive market analysis could be seen as a huge opportunity by increasing awareness through a different target audience, product development and to avoid the retaliation of competitors. However stealing competitor’s clients could result in the retaliation of other competitors on the long run and an increase in costs. Overall in this case SPARK has more opportunities than problems to deal with (Quinn, 56). The company tends to spend a lot of money in marketing their services. The aim is to draw the attention of clients who would somewhat not think about insurance. Professionals say a number of people only consider policies when they are befallen with an accident, purchase a new car, move, or renew their current agreement, which normally happens twice a year, at most. This otherwise could led to poor sales profit of the company which has devastating effects to its economic growth. The advertisement mean to be used should be those that can reach the majority of the people. Because of this, SPARK Company lacked correct management where the means used in the advertisement were not of availability to all the esteemed and prospective customers. This reduced their selling power hence a reduction in the profits gained by the company. This calls for a changing in its strategic management so that newer ways could be obtained to facilitate maximum publicity so as all the clients can be reached a nd may develop interests in investing with the company (Quinn, 78). The reduction in interest earned by the company is articulated to poor management and management strategy taken by the company in the advertising sector. The advertisement is always the key to any business. This is because advertisement is always the selling strategy of the company as it helps publicize itself to its prospective customers. For any business organization or firm, advertisement helps to bring

Michelangelo Buonarroti's Sistine Chapel Research Paper - 1

Michelangelo Buonarroti's Sistine Chapel - Research Paper Example Hence, the Sistine Chapel by Michelangelo Buonarroti embraces different episodes of Biblical nature in smooth and quite invisible transitions between each scene. First and foremost, the Sistine Chapel was set for Michelangelo by Pope Julius II and painted on the â€Å"chapel’s ceiling which covered a curved surface of about 5,600 square feet† (Somervill 45). At a glance, it is an enormous representation of High Renaissance which inspires by luminous and quite patterned schemes of different paintings divided into different topic, mainly of genesis and God’s creation of Adam. All in all, the Sistine Chapel was commissioned by Pope Julius II to take place in the large Papal Chapel for the religious purposes of Vatican’s clergymen (Lucid Cafà © 1). It was a remarkable order for the Church at large and for Pope Julius II, in particular. Michelangelo urged for something unusual he could reflect on the surface. Once, he even noted the following idea: â€Å"I saw the angel in the marble and carved until I set him free† (Lucid Cafà © 1). Thus, before painting the Sistine Chapel, Michelangelo was greatly inspired b y a divine impact from above. The artistic ensemble of the chapel is performed in a fresh renaissance vision of Michelangelo which he nurtured out of his genius. He started working on the chapel in 1508 and finished it in 1512 (Holroyd 35). Thus, Michelangelo followed a sequential flow of ideas which were constantly interrupted by Pope Julius II (Somervill 46). As might be seen, it was madness for the artist, as he could not concentrate more on the art and artistic thought in keeping with the best traditions of High Renaissance. Definitely, he was well influenced by the intangible muse while painting, whereas he was stopped by tangible and insignificant remarks of Pope Julius II. Needless to say, the work of Michelangelo was the fruit of his entire life. Of course, there were other works of art which Michelangelo created. As

Significant Historical Event that Occurred Between 1945 and 2008 Essay

Significant Historical Event that Occurred Between 1945 and 2008 - Essay Example That the event continues to be memorable is also indicated in the work of Persbacher (2005). According to Persbacher (2005), the events of 9/11 are even in the consciousness of the religious who made the event as a point for personal and theological reflections. Five years after 9/11, Persbacher (2005, p. 96) noted that religious groups reflected on the event and expressed that â€Å"religious faith affects reactions to horrific events† and that â€Å"horrific events affect religious faith† as well. Some of the more important events immediately after 9/11 had been recorded by the Migration Policy Institute. On 17 September 2001, the Immigration and Naturalization Service increased from 24 to 48 hours the length of time a non-citizen can be detained without charges (Migration Policy Institute, 2003). On 19 September 2011, Attorney General John Ascroft presented to President George Bush the administration’s proposed anti-terrorist measures (Migration Policy Institu te, 2003). At least 480 persons were arrested by the end of September 2011 for various charges related to the 9/11 bombings and the figure increased to 1,000 around October (Migration Policy Institute, 2003). On 1 October 2011, President George W. ... 2). On 31 October 2001, US Attorney General Asroft recommended to the US Secretary of State 46 groups for inclusion in the list of â€Å"terrorist organizations† under the provisions of the US Patriot Act (Migration Policy Institute, 2003, p. 3). Indeed, from these alone, it is easy to conclude that 9/11 directly and significantly affected American lives. Along the way, we also discuss how 9/11 affected the lives of all people in the world today. Versions and Interpretation of 9/11 Tamney’s (2004, p. 599) documentation of the 9/11 are as follows. On 21 September 2001, men inspired by Islamic convictions â€Å"hijacked four passenger planes flying over the United States.† Tamney (2004, p. 599) continued that â€Å"three of the four planes were crashed into the Pentagon in Washington D.C. and the twin towers of the World Trade Organization in New York City.† According to Tamney (2004, p. 599), â€Å"at least three thousand people died as a result of these a ttacks.† Tamney (2004, p. 599) pointed out that soon after, Journalist Oriana Fallaci published The Rage and the Pride in which â€Å"she argued that the terrorist attacks expressed the essence of Islam, that most Muslims were happy about the attack, and that Muslims are out to destroy the West.† According to Tamney (2003), Fallaci’s book became a bestseller in Italy and France and was soon published in the United States in 2002. Many believe that the terrorist attack on 11 September 2011 was successful because the attack has been a surprised. However, Dahl (2008, p. 19) consider this as a conventional wisdom that must challenged: more often investigations showed that the â€Å"warnings have been available but were either misunderstood or ignored.† According to

Obesity Discourses and Physical Education Essay

Obesity Discourses and Physical Education - Essay Example Lesser than 18.5 is considered to be underweight, while 30.0 up to 34.9 BMI is considered to be overweight. Plotted next is 22 year-old Tom's BMI. His 58.2 BMI corresponded into class 3 obesity or what the narrator classified as morbidly obese. Less than 39.1 up to 35.0 is class 2 obesity and lesser than 34.9 which is up to 30.0 is class 1 obesity. Narrator cited that factors of his irregular BMI into fats, sugars, and salt. These are the ingredients that are rampant in to the common food that Tom had been eating combined with lack of exercise, "it resulted into a one chubby Tom," he said. Obesity is a serious disease. Organs are affected when one is overweight, much more if he is classified with obesity. One of the most in the affected organs is the heart, due to the possible artery blockage. (Medline Plus, 2008) According to the U.S. Surgeon General in their work Call to Action to Prevent and Decrease Overweight and Obesity (2001), "overweight and obesity result from an energy imbalance. This involves eating too many calories and not getting enough physical activity". In it they also cited that "body weight is the result of genes, metabolism, behavior, environment, culture, and socioeconomic status." (Medline Plus, 2008) Along with these claims, they provided that in state of obesity, one is more likely prone to have diabetes, stroke, arthritis, and some cancers. In direct medical definition, obesity means having too much body fat, which is different from being simply overweight, it weighs beyond that. (Medline Plus, 2008) What is alarming is the report of the rapid increase of obesity case in the United States of America and in Australia. Baker Heart Institute reported in their study, Australia Future Fat Bomb (2005) that there are 14,000 adults in Australia that is obese. (Medindia, 2008) In the estimation, there are 70 percent of men 60 percent of women. Ages are ranging from 45 to 65 years old, having the BMI of 25 and greater. The estimation of the statistics outweighed even the United States of America. (Medindia, 2008) In United States a dramatic increase took place during the past 20 years. It was cited that "thirty states had prevalence equal to or greater than 25%; thereof these states (Alabama, Mississippi and Tennessee) had a prevalence of obesity equal to o greater that 30%." (Medline Plus, 2008) U.S. Surgeon General also added that "behavior and environment play a large role causing the people to be overweight and obese. These are the greatest areas for prevention and treatment actions." (Medline Plus, 2001) Similarly to the medical experts, the "obesity crisis" received wide spread attention from sport educators, researchers, health experts and the media and they

Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 16

Questions - Assignment Example If it were not for the allowance of the comments, the verdict would not be the same in the case. The police would not police violate a suspect’s Fourth Amendment rights against unlawful search and seizure by secretly placing a GPS tracking device on the suspect’s car for an extended time without first securing a warrant to do so. The warrant should be for a good cause and backed by an oath with description of what to be searched. The constitution is not clear on what extend the public nudity scope is. This is the constitutional challenge on this case. In the case of T See City of Erie v. Pap’s A.M., 529 U, the owners of Kandyland should not be held liable since there is constitutional space for debate. This should be an opportunity for setting the debate straight. This is backed by the 5th amendment of the bill of rights, where no person shall be held to answer to infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger (McDams

Tell us something special about yourself, including any leadership Scholarship Essay

Tell us something special about yourself, including any leadership opportunities - Scholarship Essay Example Though I would not say that I have achieved my purpose of standing out, I take pride in the fact that I have been able to excel in my studies and the testimonials from my teachers attest to this fact. Thus, I was able to ensure that I get a decent start in my chosen field. I have great admiration for our current president, Barack Obama and he is my idol in many ways. Like him, I want to be successful and demonstrate my leadership abilities. Towards this end, I have taken part in sports, particularly in the track events and football. I can claim that I have been able to achieve some success in this area. Further, as I have mentioned about Barack Obama, I want to be a good husband and father who takes pride in his family and is not intimidated by successful women. Finally, I have always striven to make life better for people around me and I have touched their lives and made them feel special. I am a relationship oriented person and I have several friends and well-wishers who take pride in my success and provide encouragement to me. I make it a point to reciprocate their affection and wishes for me. In conclusion, I would say that given a chance, I would like to put my abilities to use and be a leader in all respects of the

Contemporary Moral Problems of Nanotechnologies Essay - 1

Contemporary Moral Problems of Nanotechnologies - Essay Example As a result, the technology is rife with risks and corresponding hazards. The field entails numerous unanticipated effects that could be disastrous not just for people and the environment but for the technology itself as uncertainty impacts development and its regulation. Unit II outlined the conceptual apparatus that is designed to explain and address this challenge. The first component was risk. As has been explained, much of nanotechnology is still within the area of speculation and that the risks are nothing different. These risks, which are seen to impact the environment and human health especially, were classified first by the authors into four: unwanted event that may or may not occur; the cause of an event that may or may not occur; the probability of an unwanted event which may or may not occur; and, the expected outcome of unwanted events. (Alhoff, Lin & Moore 2010, p. 74) Clearly, all the classified risks are not clearly identified especially the first two as they both are qualitative in nature. The unwanted event as cited is quite ambiguous because there is an uncertainty as to its occurrence. It may or may not happen. There is a clear sense of unknowing, which, in itself, constitutes a great part of the risks already. After the risks, the precautionary principles were outlined. The fundamental issue in this respect is the fact that there are numerous suggestions being put forward and, worse, no consensus with regards to how to prevent risks. The UNESCO’s position, however, was given due importance, which states that â€Å"when human activities may lead to morally unacceptable harm that is scientifically plausible but uncertain, actions shall be taken to avoid or diminish that harm.† (Alhoff & Lin 2008, p. 80) Regulation, however, claimed some semblance of common ground in the debate. Unit II was clear on the fact that regulations on nanotechnology vary across the world that is why what they have outlined was a conceptual analysis of t he general debate and did not dwell on specific policy recommendations. A significant portion of this discourse was devoted to the pros and cons of the Stricter-Law argument, which posits that most laws relevant to nanotechnology are already outdated and that it is possible that they can no longer mitigate the risks involved; hence, new laws and regulations must be enacted to remedy the issue. (Alhoff, Lin & Moore, p. 103) Other alternatives cited were a total ban on nanotechnology, maintaining the status quo, and some interim solution that would perhaps balance all concerns and interests of as much stakeholders as possible. The final component of the conceptual apparatus was the equity and access to nanotechnology. It has been argued that it has tremendous potential that could revolutionize the way people live and perhaps solve many human and environmental problems across the globe. This, in combination, with the various elements found in Unit II as cited here, is roughly similar t o an attempt to depict a loose cost-benefit analysis wherein the risks and advantages are set side by side each other in order to determine the best course of action on how to treat nanotechnology as a discipline and how to judge it in ethical and moral terms. Part II: Use the conceptual apparatus you reconstructed in Part I to evaluate the ethical and social implications of one of the applications of nanotechnology we engaged in Unit III. In determining the ethical and s

The Role the Bible in Regards to Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Role the Bible in Regards to Ethics - Essay Example The Bible gives Christians the answers to different morality aspects that often bring up arguments and disagreements. Such matters include: abortion, immorality, drug abuse, homosexuality, alcoholism, divorce and the family among other aspects of life that often bring up dilemmas. (London, 2009) The Bible talks about morality and ethics in specific and general terms. In the Book of Mark 7:20-23, the Bible specifies that it is what comes from inside of Christians that causes them to sin. The heart directs us to steal to kill and to rob; to be jealous to be immoral and to commit any form of sin against the Lord. The verse mentions specifically the acts that are known to be immoral and unethical in accordance to the Bible. In Romans 1:25-32 the Bible goes ahead into specifications that when men sin against the Lord and are involved in worshiping the creations of the Lord and not God himself; it results into acts such as homosexuality where men have a strong passion for each other instead of the natural relationships created by God. In verses 29-30 it goes ahead and specifies the evils that the Lord is against including: slander and malice, disobedience of parents, being proud and not keeping promises among others. (Clapp, 1996: pg 36) In the Book of 1 Peter 4:3, the Bible continues to specify on aspects such as drunkenness which it depicts as evil. In the same chapter, it is also stated that for every wrong that is committed, the Lord is going to judge human beings accordingly. Therefore, it is clear from the Bible that the wrong doers will be punished and those who are strong and they suffer physically for the Lord will be saved. II. Nature of the Relationship between the Bible and the Church in regards to Ethics Churches of the world regard the Bible not as a collection of verses by the ancient people but as the word of The Lord. The Bible is taken as God's voice speaking directly to us. It is the voice of the Lord to the congregation and to the entire world. This is an act of faith and is what interconnects the Bible to the church. The main purpose of the church is to interpret the word in the Bible to the congregation and let it known to individuals what is right and wrong in the eyes of the Lord. The church serves as an institution of direction to the believers on the path to follow in order to be righteous and to live a holy life and waiting on the Lord. In the book of Isaiah 40:8, the Bible states that all other things in this world will come to pass but the word of the Lord will stand forever and ever. The message of the Bible that was intended by God to guide our every step and our day's activities is preached in churches. What is right or what is wrong (ethics) is emphasized in the c hurch using the wordings of the Bible. (London, 2009) In the Book of Nehemiah 8:1-16, the people of Israel are gathered in the Watergate to listen to the word that the Lord had given to Moses for them. Ezra the priest at that time read the scripture out loud to the people and they listened attentively to every word. They stood up in respect of the word and they bowed down to the Lord and worshipped Him in song and Praise. Ezra discouraged them from being sad and he told them that the joy of

The Flesh and the Spirit Essay Example for Free

The Flesh and the Spirit Essay Anne Bradstreet’s poem â€Å"The Flesh and the Spirit† shows us the duality of man that her audience was having to deal with at the spiritual level. While this poem was written back in 1643 it still shows us as Christians what we have come from and how easy it would be to go back to a life of the â€Å"flesh†. This poem also goes about giving us details about what we should be striving for and what we have to look forward to if we strive toward the real or ultimate goals or rather possessions. The poem is written in two different parts starting with the ways and things of the flesh, that being material possessions that are for our enjoyment here on earth. The second part consists of more spiritual based â€Å"possessions† and also chastises the sister living among the earthly treasures she has laid up for herself. The poem is written in iambic tetrameter meaning that each line has a total of eight syllables. Bradstreet writes this poem full of metaphors and is very illustrative with the language that she wrote it in. Bradstreet was a Puritan and this poem is filled with religious symbolism and references that would be apparent to her readers. At the start of the poem the first sister is called â€Å"Flesh† and while this sister is very materialistic she wants her sister to enjoy some of the pleasures that she enjoys. The part of Flesh is from lines 10-37 to which she is going on about the wonders that this world has to offer. Lines like â€Å"Hast treasures there laid up in store† (16) and â€Å"Art fancy sick, or turn a sot† (18) show us that Flesh is interested in things such as the treasures and art this world has to offer. Flesh tells us that there is more gold, silver and pearls than anyone can imagine here on earth and she basically is insisting that her sister take up some of the riches that are around. The way that Flesh talks to her sister is similar to the way that Satan talked to Jesus in the wilderness. Flesh is telling Spirit all the wonderful things of this earth and tells her sister that she will be happy if she acquires some of these indulgences. This was also the case when Satan showed Jesus all the things of earth that he could have if Jesus would worship him. There are even some apparent sins that Flesh tries to temp Spirit with such as in line â€Å"And trophies to thy name erect† (27).This line in the poem is basically the temptation to worship idols. This notion is backed up by the previous line â€Å"As some of their immortal fame† (26) suggests that people are worshiping these trophies. Flesh’s final statement â€Å"For things unknown, only in mind† is almost a taunt to her sister because she knows what her sister has or is working towards is for her heavenly life. That line basically tells Spirit that she has nothing to show for her life and what she claims to have is all imaginary. This is something that Jesus was faced with throughout his time here on earth from the time that he was in the desert to the cross Jesus had to have faith in what he was doing was going to get Him and us a heavenly life with nothing to show for it here on earth. The second part of this poem is what Spirit has to say to her sister about the things she was told to get and what she has been working for all her life. Much like Jesus in the wilderness telling Satan to get away from him, Spirit tells flesh to leave her alone and not tempt her with these worldly things, â€Å"Disturb no more my settled heart† (38). In lines 55-65 Spirit is telling Flesh that the things that Flesh finds appealing are things that Spirit hates. Spirit is not tempted with riches or honors. She is not looking for pleasure in people worshiping her or even the gold, silver and pearls. In fact, Spirits says â€Å"My crown not diamonds, pearls, and gold/ But such as angels’ heads infold† (ll.83-84). Spirit continues rebuking Flesh about how vanity is not what is to be sought after. Spirit may not have silk garments here on earth but in heaven she will have royal robes â€Å"More glorious than the glist’ring sun† (82). Spirit tells us the difference between the places in which she and her sister are trying to accumulate their possessions for and tells us the importance of choosing the correct destination. â€Å"The city where I hope to dwell† (85) is talking about Spirits desire to live in God’s holy city and that this city, â€Å"There’s none on earth can parallel† (86), is absolutely better that the best places here on earth. Lines 87-104 is the description of the city and how the most precious gems and metals that we have here on earth are the basic building blocks for the city and its landscape. It continues telling us that there is no night and day which alludes to time no longer being a factor. Spirit also describes there being no sickness and with that no more death. This part ends with â€Å"But beauty shall be bright and clear† (104) which goes back to what Flesh trying to get Spirit to get nicer cloths and jewelry so that people would see her as attracti ve. Although Spirit and Flesh are sisters, they are very different in every aspect of life and are basic mirrors of each other showing the duality that man has with God. In lines 40-54 Spirit is describing her relationship with her sister. While they are sisters Spirit considers Flesh to be her enemy which she is constantly fighting. She continues to say that even though they are twins they don’t have the same father (figuratively). Flesh is born from old Adam, which implies that she is worldly and is looking for the things to make her time here on earth more pleasant, such as Adam did when he disobeyed God to be with Eve. Spirit says that her Father is above, giving reference that God is her father and that is why she will stay away from the things of Flesh so that she will be able to be with her Father. This poem does end on a solemn note, while Spirit has just described this amazing place where she is going to be with her Father she tells Flesh that she is not going to be there because nothing that makes Flesh happy will be there. This is a reflection of how the Puritans and even many Christians that being of this world will end up costing you the chance to see the city referenced in the poem. The poem â€Å"The Flesh and the Spirit† is indeed a poem that describes the human condition of materialism and how it can consume and impact not only the mortal lives but also the eternal lives of the human race. Humanity must decide whether or not the city that is described in the poem is worth the sacrifice of material possessions in order to gain spiritual wealth. It must decide if it want to be in a place unaffected by time, death, and disease or if it simply wants to cover up its impurities with a faà §ade that will only last a short while.

The Integrated Curriculum Model Education Essay

The Integrated Curriculum Model Education Essay William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model, the Parallel Curriculum Model, and the Integrated Curriculum Model are advanced, progressive curriculum models, which contribute to a consistent improvement of the learning process, engaging students in learning and encouraging them to learn more and more successfully. In this regard, principles and components of these models are very important for the overall success of the learning process. At this point, it is important to place emphasis on the fact that William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model attempts to apply a combination of the Parallel Curriculum Model and the Integrated Curriculum Model. On analyzing, the three models, it is possible to distinguish some common principles and components. First of all, the three curriculum models focus on the self-development of students, which is extremely important today, when students are overwhelmed with a huge amount of information and they need to process information to obtain knowledge and generate new ones. What is meant here is the fact that modern students cannot rely on their educators solely. Instead, they should focus on self-development and this is exactly what the three curriculum models are concerned with. Students obtain a lot of information from the outside world and they have to be able to process the information to accumulate knowledge and to generate new knowledge on the ground of acquired one and their own experience. As a result, students, prove to come prepared to the life in the modern society, where information rules. Furthermore, all three models focus on the development of engaging curriculum. According to the three models, the main purpose of the curriculum is not only to help students to acquire new knowledge, develop new skills and abilities, but also to be engaged in the learning process. The latter means that students should be interested in the learning process and the three models focus on the engagement of students because a profound, sincere interest of students to the learning process increases the effectiveness of learning consistently. In this regard, the high motivation of students is another fundamental principle the three models follow strictly. The three models attempt to reach the high level of motivation through non-material encouragement of students. They focus on the revelation of good perspectives of personal and professional development for students. In addition, these models provide students with a positive feedback from their educators for any successes students reach in the course of their learning. At the same time, William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model and the Integrated Curriculum Model focus on the use of the multidisciplinary approach, whereas the Parallel Curriculum Model tends to the intradisciplinary approach. The multidisciplinary approach leads to the close interaction between different disciplines. In practice, this means that students have to use their knowledge, skills, abilities and experience from different disciplines in the course of learning. For instance, while performing a task on history, they may need to use their knowledge of geography, language, mathematics, and other disciplines. The Parallel Curriculum Model tends to use the intradiscipline approach, which focuses on specific disciplines and helps students to expand their knowledge to focus on specific field, which are particularly interesting to them maintaining the correlation to other disciplines. Furthermore, William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model and the Integrative Curriculum Model, in a way, focus on the use of art in the learning process. In this regard, William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model is particularly concerned with the use of art. The use of art is closely intertwined with the aesthetic development of students, which is another concern of William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model and Integrated Curriculum Model. In this respect, it is worth mentioning the fact that art and aesthetic development of students are extremely important in the contemporary society because students live in the highly materialistic world. The emerging consumerism leaves little room for the aesthetic education and art in the life of students. In such a situation, education should offer students an opportunity to learn and to understand art, to develop the non-material, aesthetic side of their personality. The use of art is particul arly useful for potentially gifted students. Therefore, William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model uses art to reveal gifts of students and to help them to realize their full potential. Finally, all the three models use humanistic principles, which are also very important in the modern, consumerist society. In such a way, the three models attempt to return students to fundamental, humanistic principles, which lay the foundation to the modern western civilization. These humanistic principles are closely intertwined with democratic norms and principles, which are fundamental for the modern society. NEEDS ADDRESSED The three models pay a lot of attention to the development of critical and creative thinking. As the matter of fact, critical and creative thinking is essential for the extensive students personal development. Students receive a lot of information from the surrounding world but they have to evaluate the information critically to accumulate knowledge and to avoid fallacies, which they can fall in without critical thinking. At the same time, creative thinking, which is particularly important for William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model contributes to the broad development of students values, beliefs, norms and standards. In addition, creative thinking helps students to develop skills of effective problem solving. In fact, William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model encourages creative students to realize their full potential because it is through students creativity they can realize their individuality. At the same time, the three models maintain the differentiation of students. What is meant here is the fact that all students have a different level of academic development, different psychological traits and characteristics, different gifts and inclinations. Therefore, the three models tend to develop differentiated curriculum to meet needs and wants of each students. In this regard, the individual approach to students is particularly effective and the three models attempt to find the individual approach to each student. Furthermore, the enrichment of students is another concern of the three models, although the Integrative Curriculum Model and the Parallel Curriculum Model focus on the academic development of students and stress the importance of the practical application of knowledge and skills acquired by students in the course of learning, they still focus on the enrichment and broad development of students. Unlike the Integrative Curriculum Model and the Parallel Curriculum Model, William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model focuses not only on enrichment of practical knowledge, skills and abilities of students, but also on the development of aesthetic values and creativity of students. In addition, William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model focuses on the acceleration of students development to help them to realize their talents. In this regard, the Integrative Curriculum Model and the Parallel Curriculum Model avoid excessive acceleration of students development because such acceleration affects consistently the personal development of students. Often the accelerated development can become an unbearable burden for students, they become too concerned with their learning and they face problems with their socialization because of the lack of free time. In addition, the three models focus on social and emotional needs of gifted and talented learners. The three models view social and emotional development as an essential element of education. Students need to undergo the process of socialization and develop the balanced, harmonious personality. The three models focus on motivation of students. They encourage students to learning and increase their interest to learning. In this regard, questioning is an important part of educational process because the three models stand on the ground that students should always question (VanTassel-Baska Brown, 2000). Through questioning, they learn how to find and obtain knew knowledge independently of educators. Finally, the three models focus on the use of technology in the process of education. Today, technology affects all spheres of human life. Therefore, students should come prepared to learn using new technologies and to develop new skills and abilities. In this regard, education helps students to use technology in their everyday life. ADVATNAGES AND DISADVANTAGES Obviously, each of the three models has its own advantages and disadvantages. On analyzing advantages of each model, it is worth mentioning the fact that William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model focuses on the development of talents of students. This model pays a lot of attention to the development of creativity of students. In addition, the model contributes to the creative development of students and to the formation of their aesthetic tastes, values, norms and standards. The Integrative Curriculum Model focuses on the use of multidisciplinary approach and contributes to the close integration of all disciplines (Avery VanTassel-Baska, 2001). As for the Parallel Curriculum Model, this model allows students to focus on the specific field they are interested in. On the other hand, each model has its own disadvantages. William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model tends to overestimate the aesthetic development of students and individual approach to each student, whereas the Parallel Curriculum Model focuses on the practical aspects of the development, underestimating the significance of creative and aesthetic development of students. The Integrative Curriculum Model does not always allow students to focus on the narrow, specific field, which may be helpful for their future professional development. BEST MODEL On comparing the three models, it is possible to distinguish William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model as the best model. Obviously, William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model provides students with ample opportunities to realize their full potential. At the same time, educators can develop an individual approach to each student and develop their creativity. In such a way, educators can identify gifted students and develop their talents. Today, the creative development of students is essential because the highly technological society and information age raise the demand on creative professionals. In addition, William and Mary Center for Gifted Education Research Model helps to the personal development of students. As a result, this model contributes to the broad development of students, shapes their values, views, norms and standards. In fact, this model prepares students to the adult life and allows them to find their own way in the professional de velopment and in their personal life. Each student should be capable to realize his or her unique inclinations and capabilities.

Dealing With Unpleasant Situations Philosophy Essay

Dealing With Unpleasant Situations Philosophy Essay In life we always get our ups and downs. Everyone gets through these life experiences differently according to his character and the way things are approached. Both pleasant experiences and even those less pleasing ones will have an impact on life. Social, financial, psychological and emotional aspects affect the way problems are dealt with. Moreover, handling an unpleasant situation largely depends on character and support given by family and friends. A bad experience in a persons life causes mental stress which may result in making fast decisions reflecting their bad consequences later on. In my life education is very fundamental. I used to achieve high satisfactory grades during my secondary education. As a quite promising student, I used to aim high, aiming of someday becoming a Doctor. Enrolling to a matriculation course soon showed me that that was not an easy task to achieve and a lot of perseverance, much more than I used to have, was necessary. My subjects were not the easiest of all and lack of commitment started to have bad academic results. My far-fetched aims demolished and this led me to give much more importance to work and earn some money. I did not manage to attain the requirements to enrol in a University course and reasoned out to give another chance to myself and spend another year studying the failed subjects. Having changed school was already a drawback. To complicate things even worse, I was stolen and attacked by five persons on my way to work the day after Christmas of last year. Having my face bruised and retina commotion I was a bit afraid of g oing out alone and became paranoid that someone could be watching me. This experience in my life influenced me a lot, especially mentally where I always felt the need of having revenge, however I was persuaded that justice will do its job. For sure the New Year was not one of the best but with the help of my family and my girlfriend I was trying to get over this awful experience and start a new chapter. Going back to school was very hard for me and questioning by people suppressed me from attending regularly. In order to start looking at the optimistic side of life, I gave way to my dream of getting the driving licence and buying my own car with my brother helping me financial wise. Following a rough time I was finally going to achieve something which in my mind was going to give me my dignity back. Pursuing a materialistic dream was far too easily achievable opposing the academic one which I repeatedly was unsuccessful in. However, this time academic failure did not struck me that much since my car on its own made me feel successful in some other way. In order to completely own my success, I had to pay the debt incurred and felt the need of working more. I was working for something I already was enjoying, therefore this made me to fall more in love with my car, to the extent that I decided not to take exam re-sits in order to be able to work enough to pay it off through the summer. I used to enjoy each and every of my rides and I will always remember those great experiences I went through with it. As the end of summer was approaching and I was accepted for this course I started to admit the fact that the course on which I was going to embark too did not meet my previous expectations and desires. However, each time this thought stroke my mind, I used to console myself by my car which justified everything. Then the worse that could ever happen, just before school commencement, on the 2nd October, I had a car accident on my way to work where my car was almost totalled due to a careless driver who steered on me while I was overtaking him, pushing me off the road into a gate. In a split of a second I was in despair, losing the most important thing at that moment which gave me some sort of status. I lost courage, motivation and will-power up to the extent where I was not going to register in the course any longer. Nevertheless, at the beginning I started to attend to every lesson but I had so much hassle going on regarding the accident and trouble with the insurance agencies that I could not concentrate. In addition, lack of perseverance together with the fact that the course was not all that interesting at the beginning especially for a student who has an A level background, I missed on some lectures. Time healed my sorrowful feelings and I plucked up some courage with the help of my pers onal lawyer who is currently pursuing my case and struggling for a refund from the insurance company of the money lost in the accident. With reassurance of having some percent of right, I could now rest my thoughts and integrate back into the school attitude until here I am today writing this reflective diary analyzing improvements in my character arising from the experiences lived. In the psychological world, hiding from reality and escaping the harsh truths of life is most commonly known as negation. Killing your future due to the present or even worse due to the past is not a solution. I have learned that one has to find those people who you can count on and support you during hard times while keep holding on the future. Forgiveness Looking back at the experiences I went through last year, I learnt fundamental values that are important in life in order to keep looking at the bright side of life. Following the incident where I was beaten up, I have nowadays learnt to forgive; a psychological meaning of forgiveness is the refusal to hurt back the one who hurt you. My unfortunate event led to slight post traumatic stress disorders as I started to consider myself as a victim in every situation. My mind could not set at rest due to having recurrent memories of the event, recurrent nightmares and flashbacks in which I re-lived the distressing experience. I had feeling of extreme guilt and vengeance, withdrew from friends and lost interest in activities I enjoyed and education. At the end of the day, the Court of Justice left me without my mobile phone and a bruised face with no compensation, therefore I felt that no justice had been made with my case. From this happening onwards, my point of view to the local justice has degraded significantly. However, with the help of my family I realised that holding on to bitterness and anger towards those who hurt me, including justice itself , could only make things worse and seeking revenge only depletes strength and prevent emotional wounds from healing. One has to grasp back to his normal life and adopt for any unplanned changes. Therefore, trying to annihilate the traumatic memories and reaching an end for the past, I returned to my habitual, perpetual dreamer way of life. Ambition and Materialism Ambition and materialism form a considerable feature of my character. Ambition is closely related to motivation. It relates to many things such as desire to: attain success in life, achieve personal or professional advancement, achieve fame, power, money, social status, position, or achieve the fruits of an activity. In 1943, Abraham Maslow presented the theory of Hierarchy of Needs distinguishing between physiological, safety, social and esteem needs. In Maslows theory ambition could be included under esteem needs as a desire for increased self-esteem and achievement. Others define ambition as an earnest desire for some type of achievement or distinction and the willingness to strive for its attainment. Materialism is the attitude that physical well-being and worldly belongings constitute the utmost good and highest value in life. A materialistic person is therefore a person who is markedly more concerned with worldly concerns such as money and possessions rather than spiritual, intellectual or cultural values. My materialistic characteristics mainly depend on financial success and social recognition. As a car enthusiast, my ambition to have a sporty car which made me believe to stand out from the crowd fulfilled my materialistic desire which at the same time made me feel better and forget the previous negative experience. However, we can sometimes believe that pursuing material possessions will gain us status and admiration while also improving our social relationships. This was in fact my mistake since I did not consider my car only as a means of transport but also my passion which revolved all my life around it. My priorities were messed up as I started to loose off from other things such as education while gave more importance on work in order to fully own my success. The status the car gave me neutralised between the sense of superiority attained and inferiority arising from my failures. The car was my comfort and became very sentimental as I dedicated a lot of importance towards it. Van Boven has spent a decade studying the social costs and benefits of pursuing happiness through the acquisition of life experiences such as traveling and going to concerts versus the purchase of material possessions like fancy cars and jewelry. We have found that material possessions dont provide as much enduring happiness as the pursuit of life experiences, Van Boven said. The take home message in his most recent study, which appears in this months edition of the Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, is that not only will investing in material possessions make us less happy than investing in life experiences, but that it often makes us less popular among our peers as well. The mistake we can sometimes make is believing that pursuing material possessions will gain us status and admiration while also improving our social relationships, Van Boven said. In fact, it seems to have exactly the opposite effect. This is really problematic because we know that having quality social relationships is one of the best predictors of happiness, health and well-being. So for many of us we should rethink these decisions that we might make in terms of pursuing material possessions versus life experiences, he said. Trying to have a happier life by the acquisition of material possessions is probably not a very wise decision. CU-Boulder marketing Professor Margaret Campbell and Cornell University Professor Thomas Gilovich were co-authors on the study. Past studies have found that people who are   materialistic tend to have lower quality social relationships. They also have fewer and less satisfying friendships. In the recent study, Van Boven and his colleagues conducted five experiments with undergraduate students and through a national survey. They sought to find out if people had unfavorable stereotypes of materialistic people and to see if these stereotypes led them to like the materialistic people less than those who pursued life experiences. In one experiment undergraduates who didnt know each other were randomly paired up and assigned to discuss either a material possession or a life experience they had purchased and were happy with. After talking for 15 or 20 minutes they were then asked about their conversation partners by the researchers. What we found was that people who had discussed their material possessions liked their conversation partner less than those who had discussed an experience they had purchased, Van Boven said. They also were less interested in forming a friendship with them, so theres a real social cost to being associated with material possessions rather than life experiences. In another experiment using a national survey, the researchers told people about someone who had purchased a material item such as a new shirt or a life experience like a concert ticket. They then asked them a number of questions about that person. They found that simply learning that someone made a material purchase caused them to like him or her less than learning that someone made an experiential purchase. We have pretty negative stereotypes of people who are materialistic, Van Boven said. When we asked people to think of someone who is materialistic and describe their personality traits, selfish and self-centered come up pretty frequently. However, when we asked people to describe someone who is more experiential in nature, things like altruistic, friendly and outgoing come up much more frequently. So what do you do if youre somebody who really likes to buy lots of material possessions? The short answer is you should try to change, Van Boven said. Not just our research, but a lot of other research has found that people who are materialistic incur many mental health costs and social costs theyre less happy and more prone to depression. Van Boven says one thing you can do is choose to be around people who are less interested in material goods. Its not a quick fix, but it can be done, he said. I think what makes it particularly challenging is that it requires some extra effort and mindfulness about the way we make decisions about how to be happy in life. Stress Management

Essay --

The human condition describes the unique features of a human being; it separates us and at the same time relates us to other living creatures. In this essay I will study paintings that translate human emotion, body language and facial expression into paint, how moods have been communicated by the human face and the artist who knew how to do it the best. The idea of relating the human condition to art came to me when I started studying Edvard Munch and his history of isolation and darkness. I wanted to know why so many artists like him were somewhat disturbed not necessarily in a negative way, which led them to produce and what influenced them to create something different. The Mona Lisa 1503-1519 by Leonardo Da Vinci (Fig 1), The Scream 1893 by Edvard Munch (Fig 2) and the Weeping Woman with Handkerchief 1937 by Pablo Picasso (Fig 3) are some of the most recognizable pieces of art in the world. Is this owing to the fame of their maker or curiosity of the human mind or is it the story behind these paintings that make them famous? Even in today’s world pictures of the human body and the human face dominate everything we look at. It is no coincidence that many paintings have been overstated or been painted in a misleading way, they are painted in a way to exaggerate human emotion. The human form has obsessed the world’s greatest artist and over thousands of years humans have recreated the human form in art. Is it true to say that we as humans are somewhat obsessed by ourselves and what we portray to others or is it more unconscious and what surrounds us, our environs, the events of our lives, that affect the emotions we contribute. The Mona Lisa, has been a cultural icon for hundreds of years, this painting was even stolen on 21st ... ...cation, satisfying our curiosity, exploring isolation, depression and death. There is no limit to which art has influenced every generation, from product labels to the way we design our homes, art affects us in ways we may not even notice. Art has affected the way we look at ourselves and the emotions we experience as human beings. In the same way our lives has affected art, and we can see how a visual representation of our inner beings can be expressed. I feel as a graphic artist today, I am strongly influenced by technology and software whereas artist before my time were influenced strongly by their surroundings, the events of their time and the influences of their individual lives. They had a unique ability to express through the subjects of their paintings, vivid emotions and were each able to influence and develop groundbreaking techniques in through their art.

Siddhartha Essays: Achieving Enlightenment at the River -- Hesse Siddh

Achieving Enlightenment at the River in Siddhartha      Ã‚   In Siddhartha's quest for enlightenment, Herman Hesse makes the river the final focal point of the novel. Siddhartha is set on his journey to the river by listening to his inner voice and questioning authority. The river comes to represent the ideas through which Siddhartha reaches enlightenment. The essential concepts of time and how it relates to life are discovered by Siddhartha through listening to the river. He comes to realize that his previous conclusion is correct, wisdom cannot be taught. When he reaches nirvana, he also sees how spiritualism and materialism both have a place in the cycle of life. Acting as Siddhartha's inspiration to his ultimate goal, the river operates as a significant element in Hesse's novel, Siddhartha.    Early in the novel, Siddhartha sets his life pattern by questioning the authority of Hinduism. With his friend Govinda, he begins life amongst the samanas. With the samanas, Siddhartha begins to master their teachings. Feeling unfulfilled, Siddhartha concludes as an ascetic he will not reach bliss as the eldest samana has yet to obtain enlightenment. Leaving the forest, Siddhartha and Govinda go to hear the teachings of the illustrious Buddha. After listening to Gotama's preaching, Siddhartha realizes that he will not reach enlightenment through teachings but along a path which he must contrive. Once again lead by his inner voice, Siddhartha begins to explore life in the material world. Over the ensuing twenty years, he becomes deeply entangled with samsara. In forgetting the past teachings, Siddhartha is able to start his journey anew. Disgusted with his life, Siddhartha leaves again and discovers the river. By listening to his... ...hat leads him to the river where he learns the concepts of time and timelessness. From seeing many disciples of varying religions, Siddhartha decides that wisdom is incommunicable. His last revelation comes has he reaches nirvana. The two worlds of spiritualism and materialism do not exist as forces to side with but powers to be in harmony with. The ideas discovered come through his life experiences and most significantly at the river and the nature of it.    Works Cited    Hesse, Herman. Siddhartha. Dover Publications, 1998.    Malthaner, Johannes. "Hermann Hesse: 'Siddhartha'". The German Quarterly. Vol.25, No.2, March 1952.    Timpe, Eugene F. "Hesse's Siddhartha and the Bhagavad Gita". Comparative Literature, V.22 No.4 , 1970, p.23.    "Nirvana". The World Book Encyclopedia, (Vol.14).   Toronto: World Book, Inc., 1987, p.332-333. Siddhartha Essays: Achieving Enlightenment at the River -- Hesse Siddh Achieving Enlightenment at the River in Siddhartha      Ã‚   In Siddhartha's quest for enlightenment, Herman Hesse makes the river the final focal point of the novel. Siddhartha is set on his journey to the river by listening to his inner voice and questioning authority. The river comes to represent the ideas through which Siddhartha reaches enlightenment. The essential concepts of time and how it relates to life are discovered by Siddhartha through listening to the river. He comes to realize that his previous conclusion is correct, wisdom cannot be taught. When he reaches nirvana, he also sees how spiritualism and materialism both have a place in the cycle of life. Acting as Siddhartha's inspiration to his ultimate goal, the river operates as a significant element in Hesse's novel, Siddhartha.    Early in the novel, Siddhartha sets his life pattern by questioning the authority of Hinduism. With his friend Govinda, he begins life amongst the samanas. With the samanas, Siddhartha begins to master their teachings. Feeling unfulfilled, Siddhartha concludes as an ascetic he will not reach bliss as the eldest samana has yet to obtain enlightenment. Leaving the forest, Siddhartha and Govinda go to hear the teachings of the illustrious Buddha. After listening to Gotama's preaching, Siddhartha realizes that he will not reach enlightenment through teachings but along a path which he must contrive. Once again lead by his inner voice, Siddhartha begins to explore life in the material world. Over the ensuing twenty years, he becomes deeply entangled with samsara. In forgetting the past teachings, Siddhartha is able to start his journey anew. Disgusted with his life, Siddhartha leaves again and discovers the river. By listening to his... ...hat leads him to the river where he learns the concepts of time and timelessness. From seeing many disciples of varying religions, Siddhartha decides that wisdom is incommunicable. His last revelation comes has he reaches nirvana. The two worlds of spiritualism and materialism do not exist as forces to side with but powers to be in harmony with. The ideas discovered come through his life experiences and most significantly at the river and the nature of it.    Works Cited    Hesse, Herman. Siddhartha. Dover Publications, 1998.    Malthaner, Johannes. "Hermann Hesse: 'Siddhartha'". The German Quarterly. Vol.25, No.2, March 1952.    Timpe, Eugene F. "Hesse's Siddhartha and the Bhagavad Gita". Comparative Literature, V.22 No.4 , 1970, p.23.    "Nirvana". The World Book Encyclopedia, (Vol.14).   Toronto: World Book, Inc., 1987, p.332-333.

Rate of reaction between Hydrochloric Acid and Calcium Carbonate Essay

Rate of reaction between Hydrochloric Acid and Calcium Carbonate Calcium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid to form carbon dioxide gas. One way of following the rate of reaction at which it reacts is to measure the volume of carbon dioxide produced at certain time intervals during the reaction. CaCO + 2HCl CaCl + H O + CO =========================== Calcium Carbonate + Hydrochloric Acid Calcium Chloride + Water + Carbon Dioxide Equipment --------- Delivery tube Conical flask Hydrochloric acid Calcium carbonate chips Burette Beaker Electric scales Measuring cylinder Tub Water Electric timer Goggles Retort stand The different factors that can affect my experiment are the temperature, the concentration of my reactants and the surface area, also adding a catalyst. We have decided to test different concentrations of hydrochloric acid for our experiment because it will give us sufficient results to make our evidence reliable. RATE OF REACTION BETWEEN HYDROCHLORIC ACID AND CALCIUM CARBONATE LOW CONCENTRATION HIGH CONCENTRATION I think that during our experiment, the higher the molarity of acid the quicker the rate of reaction will be, I think this because of the collision theory. If the solution is made more concentrated, there will be more particles in the solution. This makes collisions between important molecules more likely and will collide more often. At the beginning of the reaction, there are lots of reactants particles (and no products). This means a lot of productive collisions between reactants. As time goes on these reactants will become less and less (because reactants have been turned into products), therefore less collisions, so the rate of reaction will slow down. If the molarity of the acid concentratio... ...act same size we could use 2 chips in one experiment and get 1g then we could use 4 chips in another experiment and still get 1g. This meant that the surface area for the hydrochloric acid changed in each experiment for it to react and collide with. I could have stopped this by sieving so I would get chips that are of the same or close enough the same surface area. Overall my results are fairly reliable, yet could be subjective to change if better methods were available. If I was to do my experiment again I would make sure I would do it all on the same day and maybe change the limits of the products so that the results we got could be more accurate and we would have less anomalous results like the 2.5 molar experiment. However, if I did this experiment again I would expect the same results and patterns that I have got apart from the 2.5 molar and 3 molar experiments.

Is Sharing Caring or Not Essay

Want to wear Gucci for a day? or maybe own a Ferrari for a week? Wondering how? Just like how you rent DVDs with a slight modern touch to it, mobile technology(you should have seen this coming) Can’t believe it? The future beholds us the sharing economy. What is the sharing economy? BBC defines it as â€Å"Everything from cars, central city parking spaces and designer clothes to accommodation are available from individuals and companies that are making billions from providing easy access to what people need in a difficult economy. However let me make one aspect very clear, this isn’t just all related to saving money (I know it is surprising in a money minded world like ours. ) Apart from helping people live in unstable economic conditions, some of those already using such an economic structure are utilizing it to conserve resources and save the planet. It will help you feel like a â€Å"better† person by saving the community taking simple small steps. You don’t want to own all those fancy electronic equipment in your households and not use it. Simply, hire one when you need it! In this technological age where you don’t know what to expect tomorrow (maybe your mobile generating a visual image in the air, it is very likely that â€Å"tomorrow† might apply in the literal sense here) you can use the sharing economy with transactions that can be made quickly through a cell phone app or a web site. This is very convenient and accessible at the same time. Wait a minute†¦ This looks too good to be true. Wondering what the drawback is? 2012 looked galaxies away for retail outlets in the world. However now, it looks like the doomsday for massive retail outlets is closing by. In simple words, the end of consumerism. If consumers can hire almost anything they want what will happen to retailers, what can they sell? It is obvious that this won’t be seen as a rapid change, but the effects can definitely be seen in the long term. Here is a fun fact,†Researchers say that we only use our cars eight per cent of the time and we spend billions on the space where we store stuff that we almost never use, such as power tools. They also say the sharing economy is expected to be worth $110 billion within the next few years. â€Å"No Pain. No Gain. † Consumers can get items for cheaper exactly when they require it conveniently, but lose jobs at the same time. It is time for every company to gear up, hire IT wizards, and make their e-commerce absolutely world class. The day you want to ride that Bentley or rent the finest villa for a day to spend with your family isn’t far.

Reunion Essay

†Reunion† is a short story, written by John Cheever. John William Cheever was an American short story writer and novelist, who lived 70 years from May 27, 1912 to June 18, 1982. He is known worldwide as â€Å"the Chekhov of the suburbs† and for his many short stories and novels. 1 The short story â€Å"Reunion†, which I want to analyse and interpret, was originally published in in 1962 in The New Yorker. 2 The text is a short act with few persons, the environment is non-detailed and the story have one conflict, which all are characterising a traditional short story.The story is about a boy named Charlie, who is traveling from his grandmother’s in Adirondacks to a cottage on the Cape and is going to be between trains for an hour and a half in New York. He grabs the opportunity to visit his father, who he had not seen since his mother divorced him three years ago. As Charlie arrives to the Grand Central Station, he meets his missing father, and together they walked on to a nearby restaurant. Charlie was happy to finally see his father, and as they walked together, Charlie proudly wanted the whole world to see them.At the restaurant the father could not behave himself because of his dissatisfaction with the service, and they ended up leaving to eat at another restaurant. At the second restaurant they ordered a drink and where having a good time with each other, but the good time ended early, once again because of the fathers bad behaviour. This time he was unsatisfied with the waiter, who did not wanted to give Charlie another drink, because of his age. They went to another restaurant again, where the father also started arguing with the waiter.They walked into the fourth restaurant and the same happened. All the restaurant trouble had made the time pass, and Charlie had to catch his train without a successfully restaurant visit. The father wanted to give Charlie a paper to read in the train, and at their way back to the station, t hey stopped by a newsstand. The father began discussing with the man at the newsstand, and Charlie ended up saying goodbye to his father to leave the station on the train, unhappy, disappointed and without any food or paper. The main characters in the story are Charlie and his father.Charlie is a boy, who wishes to have a father to look up to and be proud of, but got the complete opposite. Charlie is under 21, because he cannot be served alcoholic drinks in the restaurant. From what Charlie tells in the beginning, we know that the father is big and good-looking. I think of him as a stressed businessman with too many things going on at the same time and maybe a little abuse of alcohol. The reason to my thoughts is, that his wife divorced him, he have not had time to see his son since, his secretary is answering his messages and he cannot behave himself in the restaurants.In the story there is a development between the father and Charlie. To begin with their relationship is good and t hey are both happy to see each other. But as the father’s behaviour is getting worse throughout the story, Charlie begins to realise, that he feels disappointed and unhappy about his father and his behaviour. This negative development is clearly shown at the end of the story, where Charlie ends up leaving his father with an empty feeling. The text is easy to read and it is easy to understand the language.The narrator is Charlie, and he tells the story from his own point of view. The story also tells about Charlie’s thoughts and feelings, for example his excitement and happiness about seeing his father in the beginning. The writer is also using direct speeches between the father and the different waiters and Charlie to show and underpin the father’s bad behaviour. The story takes place in New York, USA and the action takes place on the Grand Central Station, the 4 restaurants, the streets they are walking trough and the newsstand.The story is, like I said earlier , from 1962, but I think, that it is timeless, because it is a story, which could have happened today as well. I would even say, that the story fits 2013 better than 1962, because it is more normal and frequent to be divorced and have a busy and stressed life. There are some different themes appearing in the story. One of the themes is stress. It is clear, that the father is very stressed about something. It could be his failed marriage, his job or just his insecurity about not being a good enough father to Charlie. That leads us to the next theme; bad parenting.Charlie has not seen his father since the divorce three years ago, and that is of course not good parenting by neither of the parents. It is of course the father’s problem, but the mother could maybe also have had a bad influence in the situation. I think the two themes reminds a lot of each other. In this story stress leads to bad parenting. The father’s own life is stressed, and that is making his behaviour t o other people bad. His bad behaviour to other people is making him a bad parent, because Charlie obviously does not like being with his father, when he acts in that way.With these two themes, the main theme and the message of the story appears. I think, that John Cheever wants to remind people of the importance of treating other people in the same way, that you treat your nearest friends and family. Because in the story it is the father’s bad treatment of other people that courses his bad relationship to his own son. That leads to the message: no matter how busy and stressed you are, always remember to treat other people in the same way, that you will treat your own family, or else you will loose the ones you care about.â€Å"Reunion† and â€Å"Living with strangers† have a lot of the same aspects. â€Å"Living with strangers† has a narrator, who describes the life in New York, where strangers does not care about you and are living their own stressed lif e. The narrator is from another culture, a smaller city, where it is normal to talk and care about other people, and she does not like the way the people of New York treats each other. The narrator’s situation is very similar to the narrator in â€Å"Reunion†, Charlie, who does not like his father’s behaviour.

Functional Area Plan: Human Resources Essay

MegaJava Corporation is a medium-sized manufacturing company with 250 employees. It directly markets one product: a unique coffee cup with a patented ball bearing sliding mechanism. Nathan Jr. and a group of 10 other executives run the company. MegaJava Corporation has received a large sum of money from a venture capitalist. The venture capitalist and Nathan Jr. are predicting 100 percent growth in five years. To achieve that growth, productivity will need to increase at a similar rate. Therefore, this proposal provides a suggested business model update. Further, the functional areas updates are indicated to assist the business model to predict, plan, and implement future growth and profits. MegaJava will need to have a strong and aggressive approach when it comes to Human Resources. Like all companies the employees are the backbone and driving focus to the company’s success. Defined in A Guide for Strengthening HRM Systems (2005) as the use of procedures, policies, and practices to recruit, maintain, and develop employees in order for the organization to meet its desired goals; Human Resources is the backbone of the MegaJava Corporation. The company will also need to budget for the existing positions as well projected positions and workload requirements. The Human Resources department at MegaJava will focus on staffing, profitability, improvement strategies, performance evaluations, and employee relations litigations amongst other things. The challenges MegaJava faces in the future with the current 250 employees and growing will be retention, development and work-life balance. â€Å"The top three in the U.S. were managing talent, improving leadership and managing demographics† Goldsmith, M. (2008). Managing Workforce Flow and Developing Human Capital is two areas that continue to be ongoing issues within the HR field. MegaJava will comply with all Federal, State and Local laws dealing with discrimination based on race, color, gender, religion and handicap. All applicants will be judged on case by case basis and will not be denied a job if they are capable of completing the task regardless of any physical or mental handicaps and in cases where MegaJava will need to give special accommodations within federal guidelines. Compile too all privacy laws dealing with an applicant’s right to privacy and all employees handling personal records and information have to maintain a level of confidentiality. MegaJava will follow all IRS and Immigration laws for all employees and contractors. Benefits are important to all employees sometimes more than. MegaJava will have a benefits package that includes health and dental insurance, retirement plans, life insurance, disability and vacation. Full-Time employees will be offered some mandatory benefits. The company will be required legally to have unemployment and worker’s compensation for all employees because it is federally mandatory. Along with compensation MegaJava will implement programs that will serve as tools to drive productivity and performance while reducing risk within the organization. Recognition programs will boost morale while empowering employees. The site GreatBizTools listed that only 25% of employees work at their full capacity and 50% give the bare minimum. GreatBuzTools. (NA). Future Growth As the demands of the business increase, the company must have sufficient managers to create a workload planner, delegate tasks and supervise employees. MegaJava will comply with all Federal, State and Local laws dealing with discrimination based on al race, color, gender, religion and handicap. The company will maintain high ethical standards of confidentiality when dealing with an applicant’s privacy and all employees handling personal records; complying with all IRS, Immigration & Disability laws for all employees and contractors. MegaJava is predicting to hire an additional 250 employees over the next 5 years. The estimated payroll for the hiring will be over 2.3 million dollars. â€Å"A growing, entrepreneurial company, with variable sales and income, may be better off controlling the levels of base salaries† Heathfield, S. The recommendation will be to hire an estimated 50 employees annually. Reducing the number of management hired every year will give the company the opportunity to develop and promote current employees to the next level. Development is a great recognition tool for any company because most employees will like to feel they are growing along with the success of their company. Defining Roles: Positions and Responsibilities Hourly positions that can be beneficial to the HR team would be an Administrative Assistant which would require 1 to 5 years’ experience, high school diploma or equivalent and a starting salary of 47k annually. The Administrative Assistant will be coordinate support for the organization. Duties for this position includes record keeping, answering the phones, mail distribution, submit work orders and track employee attendance. The employee within this position can be developed and promoted into the HR Specialist and/or Customer Service Representative position  Human Resources Specialist and Human Resources Manager are important position to the recruiting and retaining of employees. Qualifications for a strong HR Specialist and Manager would be 1 to 5 years’ experience directly in the recruiting field, minimum of a Bachelor’s degree and has a starting salary of 52k annually for a HR Specialist and 99k annually for a HR Manager. Both positions recruit, interview, and hire applicants, however the HR Manager focuses more on strategic planning and performance management. Candidates within this role can transition into a Benefits Coordinator or Benefits Manager position. Bureau of Labor Statistics, (2012)  The Compensation and Benefits department is responsible for planning and coordinating how and how much the company pays and the benefits available to the employees. Working within this department employees are required to monitor market conditions while staying updated and within compliance of local, state and federal law with wages and benefits. The department maintains that operations of the business stays within the budget created at the beginning of the fiscal year. Other advancements for employees within this position would be Accounting & Finance.

Ford vs Chevy Essay

Fords are characterized by slightly higher displacement V8 engines (Ford 302 vs. Chevy 300, Ford 351 vs. Chevy 350, Ford 402 vs. Chevy 400). Ford is also a more economy minded producer in more modern times, while Chevy is less so because of the use of the Buick and Olds brands. In performance, Chevy engines are often slightly more powerful, the 350 normally produced a maximum of 310 hp opposed to the Ford â€Å"windsor† 351 that made 290. Ford is known for many smaller sized cars, like the Escort, Tempo, and Marshall, while many GM cars are Buick, Pontiac or the retired Oldsmobile–although there are some Chevy versions of the smaller cars. The Chevy Small Block V8 is a very versatile engine, having been used in every GM brand, by marine stern-drive companies and even in ultralight flying machines. It is a common hotrodding engine. The Ford Windsor is prized because it was the first pony-car engine. Ford is known to be the original pony-car manufacturer, starting witht he mustang, whose name (a breed of horse) created the term. Although with the flat-head V8 ford began the hotrodding trend in the ’32 duece roadster, starting in the 70s Chevrolet took control of hotrodding, mainly because ford went through many different engines (MEL, Lincoln Y-block, Ford Y-block, Ford FE, Ford Windsor, Ford Cleveland, Modular V8 or V10) while Chevrolet still makes similar engines to those found in ’60s corvettes and camaros, the Chevy Bigblock and Smallblock. As far as economy goes, there is very little difference between the two companies. It is interesting to note that both companies supplied parts for AMC cars–the gremlin could have a Chevrolet transmission hooked to a Ford 170 I6–proving there is in reality very little difference between their products. Between the Ford Galaxie and Mustang, and the Chevy Nova both companies garner much respect from hotrodding enthusiasts.

What are the major differences between capitalism, communism, and Essay

What are the major differences between capitalism, communism, and socialism - Essay Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that capitalism is a system of private enterprise in which the main economic decisions, such as what, how, how much, where, to whom and for what price several items are to be produced, are made by private individuals in their capacity as owners, workers or consumers. Capitalism is referred as free enterprise system as the basic economic decisions are not left to individuals but rather these decisions are also made in response to market forces such as demand and supply. According to the concepts of capitalism, people are free to accept the law of supply and demand. Communism is, according to its founder Karl Marx, an economic system that promotes the idea that the society must control the production or goods and services. Capitalism was much concerned about acquisition of wealth where as communism focused on serving others with concerns on poor and underprivileged arguing that there were major disparities between classes. Socialism is an econo mic system that seeks to manage the economy through collective social control, but communism is an economic system that seeks to manage the economy as well as society. McConnell and Brue noted that capitalism is a system in which each participant acts and performs business and non-business activities in his own self interest. Each individual is looking for maximizing his satisfaction or profits through own decisions regarding production and consumption. They pointed out that socialism and communism can be considered as command system as an alternative to market system. In both communism and socialism, government owns most of the property resources. The economic decision making in these systems occurs through a central economic plan Socialism and communism are similar in that both these dogmas are systems of production for use based on public ownership of the centralized planning. Communism is a further development or higher stage of socialism (Williamson, 2011, p. 47). 2. Discuss th e three major economic indicators and how they are indicative of our current economic climate. The major three economic indicators are 1) Gross domestic product, 2) Consumer price Index, 3) Employment. The most important economic indicator is GDP- Gross Domestic Product- which represents the total market value of all final goods and services that are produced in a specific period of time. GDP includes all goods and services produced by citizen-supplied or foreign-supplied resources employed inside the country (McConnell and Brue, 2004, p. 113). Consumer Price Index is used as main measure of inflation in the United States as compiled by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Consumer Price Index is considered as the base to report inflation rate each month and each year and also for adjusting social security benefits as well as income tax brackets for inflation (McConnell and Brue, 2004, p. 141). Another important economic indicator is Employment Statistics which provides a comprehensive d ata on national employment situations, unemployment rate, wage and earning data etc. Normally, information is disseminated from different ways such as agricultural, industrial, employment or unemployment among men, women or other classes etc. All these major economic indicators are clearly indicative of our current economic situations. For instance, the latest statistics show that there has been an expansion of 2.8 percent in the gross domestic product figure in the fourth quarter of 2011 over the previous quarter (tradingeconomics.com, 2012). Another example is that the unemployment rate in the United States has been decreased to 8.3 percent in January of 2012, showing a lowest rate from February of 2009 (tradingeconomics.com, 2012). 3. In considering to enter the global market, identify the major strategies an entrepreneur may

Credibility of Media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Credibility of Media - Essay Example Media credibility is the condition of believability or acceptance of its truthfulness or untruthfulness from the point of view of its audience (Starcks and Salwen, 2009), and may be expressed as a level or percentage of acceptance as in number of respondents answering in the affirmative or negative. For purposes of this paper and to enable an adventure into the pros and cons of the thesis statement, media shall be deemed to enjoy some reasonable acceptance by its publics, given that it has enjoyed public viewing since time unknown. Hence, the question: Is media becoming less and less credible? Recently, CBS News released the results of a survey by Pew Research Center for the People and the Press of people’s perception of media taken sometime in 2009 (CBSNews, 2009). The survey indicated that nearly two-thirds of Americans think that the news stories that they read, hear and watch are frequently inaccurate (CBSNews, 2009). The Center described these results as the highest level of skepticism ever recorded since 1985 when the first study was conducted. Other studies such as this would be presented in this paper to provide a wide-angle picture of the issue of credibility in media. It is the purpose of this paper to take this closer look at media in its most common forms and analyse critically the trend it is taking insofar as its acceptability to the public is concerned. The paper shall present secondary information to support its thesis regarding this media direction and provide some observations and conclusions that may add insight and value the literature available on the matter. Media Credibility What is media and what does it mean to most people? The concept of media traces back to the times old as far back as Aristotle. History is abundant in treatment of the development of media as it captures the essence of life in what is to be known as civilization. Man always looked for vehicles that would translate his ideas and values. In the early times, these representations could be found in the primitive expressions etched in stones and later, as the medium developed, in the traditional media. The theories varied but generally focused on source, message and audience type, and the issue has been the audience’s trust as a result of the audience’s knowing what is true (Stacks and Salwen, 2009). Media, then, according to Mayo and Nohria (2005), pertained largely to its use mostly by advertisers as communication vehicles for

Discuss the nature of an effective performance management system. In Essay

Discuss the nature of an effective performance management system. In your discussion, recommend the process that should be used - Essay Example It argues that there is no singular nature of effective performance management, instead effective performance management exists in a fluid and contextually specific reality. The essay also considers the nature of effective performance management within the real world context of service and consultancy firms. In considering the nature of effective performance management measures, one of the crucial elements is that of situating performance management in terms of a structural framework. This essay argues that in large part there are different levels of understanding that can be brought to performance management systems, with structural or overarching frameworks representing a general qualitative perspective on the nature of effectiveness, as well as defining the boundaries of performance management. One such framework is that proposed by Fitzgerald and Moon (1996) who broadly argue that there are a number of core competencies that must be implemented to achieve effective performance ma nagement. Within this context, they have outlined the most effective measures to be understanding one’s intentions, developing a range of performance standards, developing patterns of comparison, and implement a top down system. While Fitzgerald and Moon (1996)’s framework is powerful in its simplistic message, other researchers have articulated the characteristics of effective performance management from a different perspective. In these regards, Otley (2005) has advanced a notion of effective performance management from a more complex angle. In these regards, Otley states that performance management must heavily consider strategic measures, emphasize effectiveness or efficiency patterns, consider incentives, and follow a bottom down structure. The elements indicated by Otley and Fitzgerald and Moon constitute a broadly framed perspective on the nature of performance management. At this level of abstraction, the defining elements represent more of general overview of effective elements. One will note that the definitions contain contradictory elements. In these regards, it seems that the benefits of one method over the other are linked to the nature of the business system in which the measures are implemented. Another framework that articulates effective performance management is that which has been implemented by Otley (2007). In this research Otley examines previous conceptions of effective performance management, specifically those presented by Johnson and Kaplan (1987), as Otley argues that it is no longer relevant to consider performance management within the ‘management accounting’ paradigm. Ferreira and Otley (2009) considered the literature involving performance management systems and argued that traditional critical assumptions did not go far enough in articulating the essence of effective performance management. As such they proposed a new critical framework that examines the issue in terms of an extended framework of perf ormance management systems. Within this framework, some of the critical assumptions regarding what constitutes effective performance management are articulated as a means of advancing past critical assumptions. The framework developed is referred to as performance management systems, and it incorporates a number of elements from Otley’s previous theoretical matrices, augmenting them through the

Choose an environmental problem that the world is facing and prepare a Essay - 1

Choose an environmental problem that the world is facing and prepare a REPORT - Essay Example In the year 1931 as many as 22 nations signed the Geneva Convention to bring Whaling under control but this has not been done even to date. This treaty was modified with new protocols in the year 1938 and 1945 and the same served as a platform for International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling signed in the US in the year 1946. An International Whaling commission was established in order to safeguard the Whales. The dwindling of Whales could not have been solved with a better way than establishing a separate entity to safeguard the population of Whales. This Whaling commission took many steps to safeguard the population of Whales, they forbid the illegal capture of Whales, set a particular no and size for the Whales that could be taken and did many other things to ensure that the population of Whales does not dwindle. The IWC conducts annual meetings to reflect upon the progress and any country can become a member of the IWC provided it adheres to the rules of IWC. This committee has been very successful in safeguarding the Whales, significant changes have been noticed since this committee has been established. The members of this committee work really hard to ensure that the population of Whales remains stable. Wales are the primary symbols of Marine life but off late the strength of the Wales have constantly dwindled because of the poachers and this has drawn intense criticism from all across the globe. One of the biggest concerns that have affected the marine life and the Wales primarily is the use of Sonar by the US navy and the US is in the limelight for all the wrong reasons. The US navy uses sonar to protect its vessels and to detect enemy submarines. The sonar used is affecting the marine life and especially the Whales. The US has invested a lot of money in developing their sonar operation because they face a constant threat from countries like Iran and North Korea. This is the only reason why the US has increased the use of sonar